Create following HTML file. Open it in Chrome and any other browser and append hashtag #foo to the file name

Result:

In Chrome, text will be blue (no class appended to #foo)

In other browsers it will be red (#foo has class bar)

	<style>
		.bar {
			color: red !important;
		}
		
		:target {
			color: blue;
		}
	</style>
	
	<div id="foo">Hello, world</div>
	
	<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
	<script>
		$(function() {
			$(":target").addClass("bar");
		});
	</script>

When executed from console, $(":target").addClass("bar") works